Inktober: la inquietanti illustrazioni che mostrano i disturbi mentali

di  Barbara Bongini |

Shawn Cross ha creato 31 diverse interpretazioni dark art dei disturbi della malattia mentale per Inktober (una challenge dei disegnatori che consiste di fare un disegno ogni giorno, con l’inchiostro, segendo un tema.), al fine di avviare una conversazione non convenzionale.

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Delusional Disorder – Inktober Illness II – Day 25 Delusional disorder is a generally rare mental illness in which the patient presents delusions, but with no accompanying prominent hallucinations, thought disorder, mood disorder, or significant flattening of affect. Delusions are a specific symptom of psychosis. Delusions can be "bizarre" or "non-bizarre" in content; non-bizarre delusions are fixed false beliefs that involve situations that could potentially occur in real life, such as being harmed or poisoned.Apart from their delusions, people with delusional disorder may continue to socialize and function in a normal manner and their behavior does not necessarily generally seem odd.[4] However, the preoccupation with delusional ideas can be disruptive to their overall lives. Patients with delusional disorder remain coherent, sensible and reasonable.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines six subtypes of the disorder characterized as erotomanic (believes that someone is in love with them), grandiose (believes that they are the greatest, strongest, fastest, richest, or most intelligent person ever), jealous (believes that the love partner is cheating on them), persecutory (delusions that the person or someone to whom the person is close is being malevolently treated in some way), somatic (believes that they have a disease or medical condition), and mixed, i.e., having features of more than one subtype.Delusions also occur as symptoms of many other mental disorders, especially the other psychotic disorders. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #delusional

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“Negli ultimi 2 anni, la salute mentale è diventata più apertamente discussa, ma molte persone che soffrono di malattie mentali sono ancora considerate “pazze”. E finché rimarrà la stigma, continuerò a creare materiale illustrativo per continuare quella collezione.” ha detto l’illustratore.

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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder – Inktober Illness II – Day 26 @anymeansnecessaryclothing (Raising awareness through prints and tees to donate funds to mental health research) PTSD is a disorder that develops in some people who have experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event. It is natural to feel afraid during and after a traumatic situation. Fear triggers many split-second changes in the body to help defend against danger or to avoid it. This “fight-or-flight” response is a typical reaction meant to protect a person from harm. Nearly everyone will experience a range of reactions after trauma, yet most people recover from initial symptoms naturally. Those who continue to experience problems may be diagnosed with PTSD. People who have PTSD may feel stressed or frightened even when they are not in danger. Not every traumatized person develops ongoing (chronic) or even short-term (acute) PTSD. Not everyone with PTSD has been through a dangerous event. Some experiences, like the sudden, unexpected death of a loved one, can also cause PTSD. Symptoms usually begin early, within 3 months of the traumatic incident, but sometimes they begin years afterward. Symptoms must last more than a month and be severe enough to interfere with relationships or work to be considered PTSD. The course of the illness varies. Some people recover within 6 months, while others have symptoms that last much longer. In some people, the condition becomes chronic. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #ptsd #mentalillness #horrorart #endthestigma #blackandwhiteart #mentalhealth #itsoknottobeok #creepyart #lineart #illustration #illness #jakeparker #anymeansnecessary #darkart #posttraumaticstressdisorder

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Stockholm Syndrome – Inktober Illness II – Day 24 Stockholm syndrome, psychological response wherein a captive begins to identify closely with his or her captors, as well as with their agenda and demands. The name of the syndrome is derived from a botched bank robbery in Stockholm, Sweden. In August 1973 four employees of Sveriges Kreditbank were held hostage in the bank’s vault for six days. During the standoff, a seemingly incongruous bond developed between captive and captor. One hostage, during a telephone call with Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, stated that she fully trusted her captors but feared that she would die in a police assault on the building. Psychologists who have studied the syndrome believe that the bond is initially created when a captor threatens a captive’s life, deliberates, and then chooses not to kill the captive. The captive’s relief at the removal of the death threat is transposed into feelings of gratitude toward the captor for giving him or her life. As the Stockholm bank robbery incident proves, it takes only a few days for this bond to cement, proving that, early on, the victim’s desire to survive trumps the urge to hate the person who created the situation. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #dermatillomania #mentalillness #horrorart #endthestigma #blackandwhiteart #mentalhealth #itsoknottobeok #creepyart #lineart #illustration #illness #jakeparker #anymeansnecessary #darkart #conduct

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Dermatillomania – Inktober Illness II – Day 23 www.amnclothing.com Excoriation disorder (also referred to as chronic skin-picking or dermatillomania) is a mental illness related to obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is characterized by repeated picking at one’s own skin which results in skin lesions and causes significant disruption in one’s life. Individuals may pick at healthy skin, minor skin irregularities (e.g., pimples or calluses), lesions, or scabs. This disorder is usually chronic, with periods of remission alternating with periods of greater symptom intensity. If untreated, skin-picking behaviors may come and go for weeks, months, or years at a time. It is common for individuals with this disorder to spend significant amounts of time, sometimes even several hours a day, on their picking behavior. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #dermatillomania #mentalillness #horrorart #endthestigma #blackandwhiteart #mentalhealth #itsoknottobeok #creepyart #lineart #illustration #illness #jakeparker #anymeansnecessary #darkart #conduct

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Cotard's Delusion – Inktober Illness II – Day 22 www.amnclothing.com Cotard delusion is a rare mental illness in which the affected person holds the delusional belief that they are already dead, do not exist, are putrefying, or have lost their blood or internal organs.Statistical analysis of a hundred-patient cohort indicates that the denial of self-existence is a symptom present in 45% of the cases of Cotard's syndrome; yet, paradoxically, 55% of the patients present delusions of immortality. In 1880, the neurologist Jules Cotard described the condition as Le délire des négations ("The Delirium of Negation"), a psychiatric syndrome of varied severity. A mild case is characterized by despair and self-loathing, while a severe case is characterized by intense delusions of negation and chronic psychiatric depression.The case of Mademoiselle X describes a woman who denied the existence of parts of her body and of her need to eat. She said that she was condemned to eternal damnation and therefore could not die a natural death. In the course of suffering "The Delirium of Negation", Mademoiselle X died of starvation. The Cotard delusion is not mentioned in either the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or the tenth edition of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) of the World Health Organization. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #cotard #mentalillness #horrorart #endthestigma #blackandwhiteart #mentalhealth #itsoknottobeok #creepyart #lineart #illustration #illness #jakeparker #anymeansnecessary #darkart #conduct

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Intermittent Explosive Disorder – Inktober Illness II – Day 21 . . Intermittent explosive disorder (sometimes abbreviated as IED) is a behavioral disorder characterized by explosive outbursts of anger and violence, often to the point of rage, that are disproportionate to the situation at hand (e.g., impulsive screaming triggered by relatively inconsequential events). Impulsive aggression is not premeditated, and is defined by a disproportionate reaction to any provocation, real or perceived. Some individuals have reported affective changes prior to an outburst (e.g., tension, mood changes, energy changes, etc.). The disorder is currently categorized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) under the "Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders" category. The disorder itself is not easily characterized and often exhibits comorbidity with other mood disorders, particularly bipolar disorder. Individuals diagnosed with IED report their outbursts as being brief (lasting less than an hour), with a variety of bodily symptoms (sweating, stuttering, chest tightness, twitching, palpitations) reported by a third of one sample. Aggressive acts are frequently reported accompanied by a sensation of relief and in some cases pleasure, but often followed by later remorse. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018 #blackandwhiteart #creepyart

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Body Dysmorphia Disorder – Inktober Illness II – Day 20 . . Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), occasionally still called dysmorphophobia, is a mental disorder characterized by the obsessive idea that some aspect of one's own body part or appearance is severely flawed and warrants exceptional measures to hide or fix their dysmorphic part on their person. In BDD's delusional variant, the flaw is imagined. If the flaw is actual, its importance is severely exaggerated. Whereas vanity involves a quest to aggrandize the appearance, BDD is experienced as a quest to merely normalize the appearance. Although delusional in about one of three cases, the appearance concern is usually nondelusional, an overvalued idea. The bodily area of focus can be nearly any, yet is commonly face, hair, stomach, thighs, or hips. Some half dozen areas can be a roughly simultaneous focus. Many seek dermatological treatment or cosmetic surgery, which typically do not resolve the distress. On the other hand, attempts at self-treatment, as by skin picking, can create lesions where none previously existed. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018 #avoidant #blackandwhiteart #creepyart

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Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder – Inktober Illness II – Day 16 . . www.amnclothing.com . . Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. . Inattention means a person wanders off task, lacks persistence, has difficulty sustaining focus, and is disorganized; and these problems are not due to defiance or lack of comprehension. Hyperactivity means a person seems to move about constantly, including in situations in which it is not appropriate; or excessively fidgets, taps, or talks. In adults, it may be extreme restlessness or wearing others out with constant activity. Impulsivity means a person makes hasty actions that occur in the moment without first thinking about them and that may have high potential for harm; or a desire for immediate rewards or inability to delay gratification. An impulsive person may be socially intrusive and excessively interrupt others or make important decisions without considering the long-term consequences. #shawncoss #inktoberillness2 #inktober2018  #adhd #mentalillness #horrorart #endthestigma #blackandwhiteart #mentalhealth #itsoknottobeok #creepyart #lineart #illustration #illness #jakeparker #anymeansnecessary #darkart #delirium

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